Alternate solvents?

Matt Rize

Hashmaster
From the tami site, remember this guy sells butane extractors and is biased. But his facts about how crappy hexane, heptane, ect are for cannabinoids are spot on.
http://tamisiumextractors.com/fightbutaneban
LETS TALK ABOUT SOLVENT CHOICE
Of the solvents preferred for extracting oil.. CO2 is a great choice but not the best.
Other than the potential use of high pressure for CO2, just like any unsafe
practice, the danger can be avoided if done in a lab by professionals, you can learn to make
it work and it will work very well.
Labs are synonymous with dangerous practices and that is the reason we have
them as well as the lab permits that govern their existence.
These permits and labs allow the trained professionals to deal with that
fact. Facing the dangers safely. That is another story and one that needs to be
addressed in more than just the state of Colorado.
In Texas we have this permitting structure already and Butane is not one of
the concerned chemicals on the long list of concerns.
The chemicals used to produce illegal drugs and the dangerous chemicals to
produce drugs are not outlawed here but the use of them is controlled to
allow us to continue to use them safely.

With CO2 you will not have a high yield unless you are very educated in the field of
polarization and chemistry in general. And to some degree, hydraulics.
And even then you will find that you need to add another solvent to the CO2 to
increase your yields. Heptane, Hexane and even Butane or anes specifically for oils.
In the end you will find that you have to use a closer matching non polar solvent
to get the highest yields combined with polar and mid polar solvents
and again, they then have to be removed. The easiest to remove least toxic solvents
are preferred.

All this talk about yields is unimportant if safe ingestion is compromised.
So lets go over the solvent options and the risk involved.
Dimethyl Ether or naphtha or pet ether. Ethers
Heptane,
Hexane,
and so on.
All these solvents are not the most friendly (toxic) and can have boiling points above
250F. Which would convert/alter some components used medicinally, so we are
discovering. As you may be aware of.
Adding heat to a flammable solvent, again can be done safely but as always
presents another danger if done incorrectly. not to mention the alteration of
the end product which may change if done after analysis which again brings up
more control techniques that we would all have to learn.
This added heat is required when using these solvents, to ensure they are completely
evaporated away and do not remain in the end product.
This is STANDARD PROCEDURE in the food industry.
It is not a new thing but a required practice.

Due to the flammability of these solvents, most compressors for vacuum distilling
them off are not an option. Requiring a special device for that purpose. Which in itself
presents another set of dangers and controls. Most people that are not lab savvy would
learn this the hard way which again brings up the more important point of permitting
labs.

An electrical, mechanical free system would be most advantageous but
the high evaporation temps of these other solvent choices render a system free of
these devices impossible.
In addition, due to their known minor toxicity levels and not so easy evaporation some
concern has been raised about their use in the food industry. However, that concern
is of no concern if done correctly and so they continue to be used today.
Ammonia is used to disinfect beef and is approved for production of consumed
food that we consume now. It can be done safely and ammonia is far far more toxic
and costly to remove than a solvent that is non toxic and boils away at the temperature
that freezes water.

All that being said, in comes butane as the first non toxic hydrocarbon solvent
that can be recovered and reused without the aid of mechanical or electrical apparatus.
It has such a low evaporation temperature ( 33F ), for the first time you can
use a system free of electrical and mechanical systems to not only extract with but
also recover the solvent for reuse, versus letting it go into the atmosphere which
is what most of the other solvent choices would be removed by.
The fact that butane is non toxic could include it in an organic process due to the fact
that it is non toxic and evaporates so cleanly. This is the reason it is the primary choice of
solvent when a non/polar solvent is required for oil production.
If Butane sprayed into your eyes, you would not be harmed even if you fail
to wash it out. It would evaporate instantly and leave no trace and will not
cause a reaction to your moist eyes other than drying them out.
You could not say that about acetone, or alcohol for that matter.

Butane should not be considered a choice, It should be a requirement in my
opinion. As long as the proper controls are in place.

CO2 is another safe choice and should be included in that preferred solvent choice with Butane above the others available which are also currently being used in the production and delivery of food grade products today and for decades. You have consumed food created by all these chemicals at some point in your life.
You cannot outlaw or ban a solvent is the point.
You must control how solvents are used and food products are created.
 

cannabineer

Ursus marijanus
I'm not sure I agree.
While the saturated hydrocarbons (as a class) were the best, most selective solvents I was able to evaluate, I think making hexanes look inferior to butane is a naked sales pitch. Propane, butane, pentane ... are all about equal in their (essential lack of) toxicity and in their fire danger. Where butane (and propane, if one has a suitable pressure extractor) are tops is in terms of volatility and ease of removal from the final product.
Currently I use hexanes as my solvent for prep and transfer of bho-style extract. I wish I could source pentanes! My present extraction setup is atmospheric, but I hope to construct a pressure setup that will allow me to work with subcritical liquid propane, butane and the fluorinates (1,1-difluoroethane, R-152a, and 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane, R-134a) at essentially ambient temps and pressures up to 150psi. The fluorinates in particular fascinate me ... essentially non-toxic, easy to source without leaving a ripple, and they're "worse" solvents even than the short alkanes. This suggests best-possible first-pass selection of cannabinoids.
Fwiw I did experiment with perfluorinated hydrocarbons (perfluorohexanes and -heptanes) and they simply do not dissolve THC or THCA.
...cn
 

ddimebag

Active Member
Has anyone tried extracting by steam distillation? If it would work, it would be a great alternative to all the solvents...
 

cannabineer

Ursus marijanus
Has anyone tried extracting by steam distillation? If it would work, it would be a great alternative to all the solvents...
Steam distillation is ideal for monoterpenes (most essential oils) because they are relatively volatile. Trying to steam distill cannabinoids, which are evaporatively "heavy" enough to be considered "fixed" oils, would lead to detectable but impractically tiny fractions of actives in the condensed water. cn
 

dankydonky

Active Member
i've used etane many times and got very good results,also glass oil from it but it doesn't bring out the good terpenes from weed resulting in a oil that just has a little faint taste of hash...BHO is far better,just my 2 cents..
 

JustAnotherHead

New Member
ever heard of bestine, im told its just heptane
I just made a batch of BHO with that Bestine Rubber Cement solvent. It's the best looking oil i've made yet. I'm scared shitless to smoke it though because I'm not 100% sure it's Heptane or how quickly heptane evaporates. Although it seemed to evaporate as quickly as my Vector butane without the bubbling.
 

oilmkr420

Active Member
i use co2 and ethanol for my main solvents of choice. naphtha is probably next or tied with propane. nitrous oxide has always caught my eye, but havent yet tried it. oxygen compressed and co2 make ear wax. almost any solvent can be used, but residual ppm is what your trying to avoid. inherit tastes foul up oil extracts. thats why co2 and ethanol are my main extraction solvents. youtube my video 420 honey oil extraction co2. im the first 420 video showing how to do it.
 

oilmkr420

Active Member
I just made a batch of BHO with that Bestine Rubber Cement solvent. It's the best looking oil i've made yet. I'm scared shitless to smoke it though because I'm not 100% sure it's Heptane or how quickly heptane evaporates. Although it seemed to evaporate as quickly as my Vector butane without the bubbling.
heptane is iso-butane, the more cleanly evaporated solvent.
 

oilmkr420

Active Member
Steam distillation is ideal for monoterpenes (most essential oils) because they are relatively volatile. Trying to steam distill cannabinoids, which are evaporatively "heavy" enough to be considered "fixed" oils, would lead to detectable but impractically tiny fractions of actives in the condensed water. cn
steam distallation can be used to extract compounds of interest from a solution, not the bud itself. its an energy intensive method that strays away from the principles of green chemistry. your better off useing non-toxic co2. youtube 420 honey oil extraction co2, and see how easy ive made it!
 

oilmkr420

Active Member
I'm not sure I agree.
While the saturated hydrocarbons (as a class) were the best, most selective solvents I was able to evaluate, I think making hexanes look inferior to butane is a naked sales pitch. Propane, butane, pentane ... are all about equal in their (essential lack of) toxicity and in their fire danger. Where butane (and propane, if one has a suitable pressure extractor) are tops is in terms of volatility and ease of removal from the final product.
Currently I use hexanes as my solvent for prep and transfer of bho-style extract. I wish I could source pentanes! My present extraction setup is atmospheric, but I hope to construct a pressure setup that will allow me to work with subcritical liquid propane, butane and the fluorinates (1,1-difluoroethane, R-152a, and 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane, R-134a) at essentially ambient temps and pressures up to 150psi. The fluorinates in particular fascinate me ... essentially non-toxic, easy to source without leaving a ripple, and they're "worse" solvents even than the short alkanes. This suggests best-possible first-pass selection of cannabinoids.
Fwiw I did experiment with perfluorinated hydrocarbons (perfluorohexanes and -heptanes) and they simply do not dissolve THC or THCA.
...cn
the fact is butane is the small yielder, and weak in terms of potency. all hydrocarbons are pretty much nasty and have made their way to the bottom of my extraction solvents of choice. with supercritical co2, and subcritical water being the first on my list of approved solvents, nitrous oxide will be next after subh2o, and my list is pretty short. liquid oxygen will be tried as i have access to an cryogenic dewar, where to fill it is the next question?
 

Matt Rize

Hashmaster
and even friendlier w co2.
dry ice (solid CO2) will suppress flash fires, the #1 downside to using butane as a solvent. A little in the blast dish, and a little in the blast tube on top and bottom, simple steps that will drastically improve your BHO tech.

As for CO2 extraction, that is not so simple. I am yet to find a good CO2 extract, altho in dispensaries who knows if the product is actually what its labeled.
 

Aeldreth

Member
I im thinking of using oxygene, like the not so expensive can that goes on the little hand torch. I should check where i saw this, there were having another gas, in fact, do any gass would do with the simple pipe and dish techniques, without any costly extractor.
 

oilmkr420

Active Member
haha i'm kind of afraid of what i started here...maybe massah's on the right track.
something that came out of the bho thread on here that got me thinking though...i wasn't aware that butane has propane mixed in...could you use liquid propane? because propane is cheap as hell and uses standard gas fittings.
again, i'm not looking at this as anything more than a hypothetical...just something i find interesting.
propane makes wicked oil. the only thing is the propane must be ran througha activated charcoal coloumn so it can absorb the odourants used. naphtha makes wicked oil, co2 wicked oil, nitrous oxide i can only imagine one wicked oil. alot of different solvents can be used, i like high pressure gas like co2 best. safe and easy.
 

oilmkr420

Active Member
I im thinking of using oxygene, like the not so expensive can that goes on the little hand torch. I should check where i saw this, there were having another gas, in fact, do any gass would do with the simple pipe and dish techniques, without any costly extractor.
you see its people like this who know just enough to get themselves hurt or killed. when using o2 as a solvent, you must have like a 80/20 co2/o2 ratio because oxygen when in contact w oil will explode, not fire but explode. so if theres nothing from stopping an enriched oxygen environment, things that normally wont burn are on fire, and any fire is amplified w o2 present. there is no way to mickey mouse the pressures contained must be just that. if you cant afford to get proper equipment, stick to buying oil from a store. no cutting corners with high pressures. you would be dead in the name of pot. she not need that on her consious.
 

oilmkr420

Active Member
dry ice (solid CO2) will suppress flash fires, the #1 downside to using butane as a solvent. A little in the blast dish, and a little in the blast tube on top and bottom, simple steps that will drastically improve your BHO tech.

As for CO2 extraction, that is not so simple. I am yet to find a good CO2 extract, altho in dispensaries who knows if the product is actually what its labeled.
the real downside to bsho 1. price 2. small yields 3.safety hazards 4.weak overall oil lacking essential active ingridients left in matrix. 5. toxicities etc. etc.
 
From all the literature I have read. I don't understand the above info about dimethyl ether I think people get confused with diethyl ether which is a different type of gas it was used originally to put people to sleep, DME is in that family as it is derived from methane, which originally was gotten from wood, known as wood alcohol which can be deadly if ingested. Now DME is being distilled from biomass, a natural product. DME is being used in many industries, cosmetic industry in hairspray as a propellant, in the food industry to get rid of fat, now DME is being looked at as a fuel source in California to replace diesel as it less harmful to our environment , and this gas can be gotten from biomass my question then become what happens to all the "waste products" from these large growers, hemp, cannabis can be used to create bio mass which creates methane, this can be distilled down to DME, is butane gotten from a renewable resource? Have we forgotten what this movement was really about, the freedom to find alternatives resource? Yet this industry is slowly shifting over to big companies, dispensaries charging high prices for many people that cannot afford due to living on fixed incomes. It is about freedom, and knowledge to help this planet and the people to be able to find solutions to health problems that have been denied us by big government, big business,. We have to be careful because it to easy to become comfortable with legalization of recreational use, we will have to pay a price because sooner or later, the government will step in and control of this market and will become so controlled we will forget because we will become satisfied with the ability to use like alcohol, there is always a price for feeling nice.
 
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