When?

When do i know the bud is ready to harvest, iv notice all the little hwite things have started to go darker? is this a sign?

You know when it is ready to harvest buy reading/research dude.

Here is a very good take on it.. https://www.rollitup.org/harvesting-curing/210501-zeuss-take-harvesting.html

Here is another... https://www.rollitup.org/harvesting-curing/28072-harvest-time-tutorial.html

You will need some high power magnification. A 30x loupe will do, they have a $12 pocket microscope at Radio Shack that's hard to use but works, or best of all a used real microscope from ebay, they often go very cheap. Then you gotta learn what to look for.