I'm not the person to ask, really. I'm trying to learn a whole lot here. Read that thread. It's full of information and worth the time. I'm still not done with it, and I started last night. And that's why I'm posting here again--apparently the OP there switched to a different growing medium at some point. Still, though, for quite some time (like years) he was using rock wool at the growing medium.
You mentioned vegging. He does not veg. Then again, he's going a sea of green (SOG), so the goal is not growing an average sized "tree," as you wrote. The goal of SOG is to grow smaller plants, more quickly, more efficiently.
I highly recommend you check out that thread. Other than suggesting that, I really can't help you, as I am too new to all of this. I can, however, answer your original question, though it's not from personal experience: yes, it's possible to do the whole grow in rock wool.
Check that thread out. It's well worth your time. You will be amazed at how much information is there.