Yes, very different. Also, tap water needs to be allowed to rest for 24 hours to allow chloramines (by-products of chlorination) to evaporate. If you are not doing this harmful salts can form, like potassium chloride. These salts create electrical imbalances when you water and wind up further locking out elements like Magnesium.
A good filter for you, if you can afford it, would be a Hydrologic small boy with a carbon fiber filter. This will remove 99.99% of these chloramines, and is much more affordable than a RO filtration system or paying by the gallon.
Depends on how many plants you are growing. The more plants you grow, the more water you'll need. Might just be easier and more affordable to pick up a few 5 gallon jugs and filling them up at the RO water machine in front of your local grocery store.
Also a 150w system should be more like 10" from the plants. They don't have very good casting distance, but also make heat pretty easy to manage, so you should be able to keep it a little closer. Use the back of your hand to determine where the "bubble of heat" from the bulb stops, and keep the top of the plants just outside of that heat.