How are they the same gentics with seeds?

When people breed a type of bud and take any genetics as data(as in the seed bank statistics of the strain), how do they pass these same traits to the seed? IN other words to get a seed the breeder had to use a male, so the seeds cant have the same genetics as the bud they bred and bred until it was perfect. So are the new seeds a new strain or do they somehow get a male plant of the same strain without smoking it to test it.