A few questions.

-if im growing indoors, with a plant that has a shorter grow cycle what will be the longest it takes from start to finsh?
-how long is a general vegging cycle?
-also what types would you recommend for a beginner that have a short grow period?

Generally, you're looking at 16 weeks for an "average" grow, eight weeks for veg, and eight for flowering. You can check the specifics when you buy the seeds, it should tell you. As for specific strains, I wouldn't know. Sorry.

6-8 weeks is the shortest really.
Almost Every Indica is grown 6-8 weeks.
Top 44 is good. Afghani. Durga Mata. Hog. Sagarmatha Mangolian Indica. Sensi California indica. Hindu Kush.

there all 45-55 days (around 7 weeks)