Those plastic pots you're using usually have a water bowl attachment at the bottom. These often prevent water from being able to drain out of the bottom. Pop those off and only water every few days and you should be fine.
You'll be fine. Just let them mature a bit then bury the horizontal portion of the stem to stabilize it abit.
In the first image I see some exposed root. I would suggest burying that portion asap
Essentially flushing is just watering without nutrients so if you thought it necessary, yes you could still flush. If you use a slow dry with a long cure there is really no need to flush.
I've seen many people dig a hole and fill it with whatever substrate they planned on using in a pot. This could save you a buck or two and would prevent any chance at getting root bound.
In addition, because the ground in your area is mostly red clay you can still control your nutrients quite...
They seem root bound. As I believe I already read, a larger pot can prevent this. If you didn't want to get a bigger pot then starting a bit later in the season could help by reducing the veg period.
ETA. Why don't you just plant them in the ground?
When you first switch to 12/12 the plants will stretch a bit. Then, once they start budding, they will focus on that and you won't notice nearly as much stem growth but the budding tips will begin to show more and more pistils every day.
I would say a couple weeks yet. Let the calyxes plump up a bit more and you'll see the pistils begin to recede into the buds. Your yield will increase quite a bit in the last couple of weeks. Don't be hastey.
I never said anything about tricomes falling off. They just come off while staying attached to what is being trimmed off (in a wet trim). And yes while trimming dry you can lose a bit of the tricomes however if using a grinder to break your weed up it has the same effect thus nutrilizing any...
Soooo...
What you're saying is if you're selling it then you want to dry trim but if you're not selling it then wet trim?
Also, when you are wet trimming the tricomes still come off they just stay stuck to your trimmings, I honestly don't believe there's any such noticeable difference.
Indoor grows can be controlled well enough to prevent contamination.
Outdoor grows can be contaminated but the worst that would happen is seeds that won't produce.
Solution: only breed indoors in well controlled environments to prevent contamination or in a greenhouse that is well controlled.