Roots of the plant

potroastV2

Well-Known Member
The Roots

The magic chemistry of plant growth starts at the roots. Roots send nutrients (in exchange for sugar) up through leaf stems to the leaves for final processing. They are also large storage sites for excess energy from the leaves, which is stored as starch. The roots and their capacity to store starch will decide how well a plant will grow and how much the plant will yield.

Root size :
A research Rye plant in a 12-inch pot had 14 billion root hairs that, if placed end to end, would have stretched 6,200 miles (almost 10,000 kilometres). The root hairs alone would have covered a square area of 180 ft by 180 ft (about 55 m by 55 m) ! The more extensive the root system, the better the plant will grow. This is because roots storing much energy are able to exchange lots of nutrients up to the leaves, and so the leaves can send down more sugar, etc. Thus, root growth is directly affected by moisture, oxygen, temperature, and sugars sent down from the leaves.

Root medium is important for plant growth. The less energy the roots use to absorb water and nutrients from their surrounding medium, the more they can use that energy to grow and to help send nutrients up to the plant. Most of a plant's water is taken in by the root hairs. 99% of the water taken in by a plant is transpired out through the leaves. A plant will fall over and wilt as a result of its roots not being able to extract any more water from the surroundings.

Air roots : in a plant's natural life in the earth, its roots get moisture
from rainfall. After rain, the soil water soon sinks down and the topsoil dries quickly. For this reason, the top 1/3 of plant roots are air specialized and the bottom 1/3 are water roots. One must be careful not to keep the air specialized roots constantly wet or the plant will drown. The bottom section of roots can be constantly wet provided that the water has oxygen in it. Stagnant water will soon kill the plant. The roots should always look crisp and white. If the roots develop brown tips or general browning, the problem is usually lack of oxygen, and infection will soon follow.
A plant can function quite well with its roots exposed to light as long as they do not dry out. However, the light encourages alga growth, which causes odours, and the alga competes with the plant for nutrients in the light period and oxygen in the dark period.

Oxygen is the most important root requirement because the roots need oxygen to convert sugar to energy. The more oxygen available to the roots, the more energy they can transfer to the plant.
Temperature also affects root growth and function. The roots do a
great deal of their storage developing at night when the green sections of the plant are not being pressured by the light to produce and distribute the day's excess sugar to the roots. Roots function more efficiently when they are warm, so roots in warm dark period develop better structures than those grown in cool dark period. As an illustration, a cycle of warm dark 77°F (25°C) and day 59°F (15°C) would develop better roots than a cycle of cool dark 59°F (15°C) and day 77°F (25°C). In essence, plants will grow better with a high average 24-hour root temperature that is constant rather than fluctuating.

Supercharged roots : the root hair zone is relatively small and starts just behind the growing root cap. This zone advances with the growing roots and as the new hairs near the tip emerge, the older hairs die off. Here is where most water and nutrients are absorbed. So for supercharged growth, plant roots must not be allowed to become rootbound but be kept healthy and advancing at maximum throughout the entire life of the plant. When growing in pots that are too small, it is better to have the roots trim themselves by coating the inside of pots with a special copper paint rather than letting the roots circle and girdle themselves. In general, pots are not oxygen efficient for super plant growth. Remember that plant yield is proportional to root size
 

jTingly

Active Member
Thanks for the info rollitup, but i got a question. Is it neccessary to know this information in order to grow it? Or is it that you should follow this info, in order to grow the best of the best?
 

potroastV2

Well-Known Member
That is just general knowledge... marijuana is the easiest plant to grow in the world just dont be to eager and freak out when something goes wrong.

However when you grow you will realize and say to yourself... "Damn I guess he was right"

:p
 

jTingly

Active Member
LOL, but how often does it mess up, like what do you have to do for it to mess up, not give it enough light and water and that stuff?
 

harvester

Active Member
I had a few thoughts pop into my head while reading this topic.

The roots do a
great deal of their storage developing at night when the green sections of the plant are not being pressured by the light to produce and distribute the day's excess sugar to the roots.
Does 24 hour lighting affect the surface area of the roots negatively by not allowing the plant to store as much excess sugars in the roots and thus stunting or slowing root growth or positively by maintaining a constant room temperature and hence a constant root temperature.

In essence, plants will grow better with a high average 24-hour root temperature that is constant rather than fluctuating.
Also another thought was that in indoor gardens when the lighting is turned off the temperature drops. I would assume this would also impact the surface area of the roots negatively, well not necessarily negatively but in the sense that they could have more to gain like you said from a constant root temperature. My thought was; Is this enough for someone with an indoor garden to consider alternatives, maybe modify the system to support a more constant temperature during the night cycle of either stage to enhance root growth.[/list]
 

GoodyBaggins

Active Member
I planted my plants in boggy soil next to a small creek. I thought the water in the soil would give the plant a better chance out in the wild with a hot summer ... was that a bad idea?
One must be careful not to keep the air specialized roots constantly wet or the plant will drown. The bottom section of roots can be constantly wet provided that the water has oxygen in it. Stagnant water will soon kill the plant.
if it was I might still have time to attack the soil around it with a shovel and give it some ability to drain with some gravel and sand.
 

Garden Knowm

The Love Doctor
Hi Goody....

In outdoor conditions, the roots are free to FIND the "perfect soil". Although I think you will be fine, your concern is JUSTIFIED and worth paying close attention too,

How are your plants doing?

It can't hurt to dig around your plant and fill the area with perlite...
 

OtakuJo

Active Member
i gotta question i never could answer when i first grew, and im still unsure about it. how do you move your plant from one pot to another. i have a baby right now that needs moving becuase the pot its growing in is about 4 inches tall. what would be the best way to do this without damaging the roots?
 

Garden Knowm

The Love Doctor
Marley said:
How do you get more oxygen to the roots growing in rock wool? bongsmilie
water your plants less...


or if you are using a reservoir, keep the water in your reservoir always moving (use air stones)..

iloveyou
 

potroast

Uses the Rollitup profile
OtakuJo said:
i gotta question i never could answer when i first grew, and im still unsure about it. how do you move your plant from one pot to another. i have a baby right now that needs moving becuase the pot its growing in is about 4 inches tall. what would be the best way to do this without damaging the roots?
Here's an easy way. When preparing your new pot, or plot of ground, once the soil is ready, just take the old pot, with the plant still in it, and put it in the new soil, and when you pull it out it will leave a perfectly-sized hole for you to put the old pots contents into. That way, you don't disturb the plants roots. If the roots are pot-bound, you can loosen the outer roots.

HTH :mrgreen:
 

northsidenovis

Active Member
I had a few thoughts pop into my head while reading this topic.



Does 24 hour lighting affect the surface area of the roots negatively by not allowing the plant to store as much excess sugars in the roots and thus stunting or slowing root growth or positively by maintaining a constant room temperature and hence a constant root temperature.



Also another thought was that in indoor gardens when the lighting is turned off the temperature drops. I would assume this would also impact the surface area of the roots negatively, well not necessarily negatively but in the sense that they could have more to gain like you said from a constant root temperature. My thought was; Is this enough for someone with an indoor garden to consider alternatives, maybe modify the system to support a more constant temperature during the night cycle of either stage to enhance root growth.
[/list]
Howzit one way to improve this is by using heat pads you can purchase them from hydro grow shops and just sit ur pots on them although depending how many plants you've got this could be an expensive task?
 

LUDACRIS

New Member
The Roots

The magic chemistry of plant growth starts at the roots. Roots send nutrients (in exchange for sugar) up through leaf stems to the leaves for final processing. They are also large storage sites for excess energy from the leaves, which is stored as starch. The roots and their capacity to store starch will decide how well a plant will grow and how much the plant will yield.

Root size :
A research Rye plant in a 12-inch pot had 14 billion root hairs that, if placed end to end, would have stretched 6,200 miles (almost 10,000 kilometres). The root hairs alone would have covered a square area of 180 ft by 180 ft (about 55 m by 55 m) ! The more extensive the root system, the better the plant will grow. This is because roots storing much energy are able to exchange lots of nutrients up to the leaves, and so the leaves can send down more sugar, etc. Thus, root growth is directly affected by moisture, oxygen, temperature, and sugars sent down from the leaves.

Root medium is important for plant growth. The less energy the roots use to absorb water and nutrients from their surrounding medium, the more they can use that energy to grow and to help send nutrients up to the plant. Most of a plant's water is taken in by the root hairs. 99% of the water taken in by a plant is transpired out through the leaves. A plant will fall over and wilt as a result of its roots not being able to extract any more water from the surroundings.

Air roots : in a plant's natural life in the earth, its roots get moisture
from rainfall. After rain, the soil water soon sinks down and the topsoil dries quickly. For this reason, the top 1/3 of plant roots are air specialized and the bottom 1/3 are water roots. One must be careful not to keep the air specialized roots constantly wet or the plant will drown. The bottom section of roots can be constantly wet provided that the water has oxygen in it. Stagnant water will soon kill the plant. The roots should always look crisp and white. If the roots develop brown tips or general browning, the problem is usually lack of oxygen, and infection will soon follow.
A plant can function quite well with its roots exposed to light as long as they do not dry out. However, the light encourages alga growth, which causes odours, and the alga competes with the plant for nutrients in the light period and oxygen in the dark period.

Oxygen is the most important root requirement because the roots need oxygen to convert sugar to energy. The more oxygen available to the roots, the more energy they can transfer to the plant.
Temperature also affects root growth and function. The roots do a
great deal of their storage developing at night when the green sections of the plant are not being pressured by the light to produce and distribute the day's excess sugar to the roots. Roots function more efficiently when they are warm, so roots in warm dark period develop better structures than those grown in cool dark period. As an illustration, a cycle of warm dark 77°F (25°C) and day 59°F (15°C) would develop better roots than a cycle of cool dark 59°F (15°C) and day 77°F (25°C). In essence, plants will grow better with a high average 24-hour root temperature that is constant rather than fluctuating.

Supercharged roots : the root hair zone is relatively small and starts just behind the growing root cap. This zone advances with the growing roots and as the new hairs near the tip emerge, the older hairs die off. Here is where most water and nutrients are absorbed. So for supercharged growth, plant roots must not be allowed to become rootbound but be kept healthy and advancing at maximum throughout the entire life of the plant. When growing in pots that are too small, it is better to have the roots trim themselves by coating the inside of pots with a special copper paint rather than letting the roots circle and girdle themselves. In general, pots are not oxygen efficient for super plant growth. Remember that plant yield is proportional to root size
i wish fdd knew this he told me he did not know what rootbound was???????
(exellent info).
 

pharlow

Well-Known Member
question for enforcer, first i would like to say thank you that is very insightful, okay so the roots have proven to be a very important part in plant growth say i took a strain such as New York City Diesel which in my current setup is a fast grower and can take quite a bit of nutrient solution, and cut the stock at the end of harvest but left the root stock and bottom stem intact could i graft a much faster indica to said stock?..... just a question because im currently studying wine and this process is used through out europe to create more pest resistant roots on older wine varietals ...... if no one knows i will try and show
 

joshbigbuds

Well-Known Member
you know when to transplant when you see a root poppin out the holes in the bottom our when u see no change in growth
 
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