Water: The Most Essential Compound

Originally Posted by doc111

Thank you very much. I am humbled and honored to have a thread stickied. I hope people enjoy it and learn a little something in the process.

I've wondered about my water lately... we buy distilled water for our baby's bottle, but we use well water straight out the ground.... its not hardwater, but its that stinky eggwater, so i'm lead to believe that its high in sulfur.... been wanting to do a comparison and start using distilled water on one plant.... i might now

Originally Posted by sagensour

if u get the water to pure like DI water or 2ppm water. Will that leach out ur nutes more than 150ppm tap water if I watered with 10% run off in soil.

now you're the "water guru", and will get loads of questions like this.... have fun

Originally Posted by sagensour

if u get the water to pure like DI water or 2ppm water. Will that leach out ur nutes more than 150ppm tap water if I watered with 10% run off in soil.

I'm not aware of any studies on this so to give you a definitive answer would be irresponsible of me. I think the benefit comes from the fact that you aren't putting "unknown quantities" of "unknown" mineral salts and compounds into your growing medium. I doubt that the purer water is going to actually leach nutes out noticeably quicker though. This is an interesting read:

http://gardenline.usask.ca/plants/ppwater.html

Originally Posted by gogrow

I've wondered about my water lately... we buy distilled water for our baby's bottle, but we use well water straight out the ground.... its not hardwater, but its that stinky eggwater, so i'm lead to believe that its high in sulfur.... been wanting to do a comparison and start using distilled water on one plant.... i might now



now you're the "water guru", and will get loads of questions like this.... have fun

Give it a try. Your plants may like distilled or r/o better. I get my water from the grocery store machine. It's about $.25 per gallon if you bring your own jug and it comes out about 10-15 ppm. My plants like it much better than my tapwater (which is extremely hard) but I have to add cal-mag back in and depending on what kind of fertilizer you are using you may need to add something like it as well.

I'm hardly a guru but I am honored and happy to help out where I can.

This is a really awsome thread, I've been wondering lately as well about my water. I live in the boonies and have nice tasting clean water so assumed it was good for my girls. I just had flashbacks of college bio classes lol.

Good job doc

Originally Posted by FoolBloom

This is a really awsome thread, I've been wondering lately as well about my water. I live in the boonies and have nice tasting clean water so assumed it was good for my girls. I just had flashbacks of college bio classes lol.

Good job doc

Thank you.

Doc I am using bottled water with a starting PPM of 100 or so, do you think there are vital elaments missing or in short supply with the use of this water?

hey at least I'm on cue, right gogrow? lol

Originally Posted by Straight up G

Doc I am using bottled water with a starting PPM of 100 or so, do you think there are vital elaments missing or in short supply with the use of this water?

I think most bottled water is o.k. for growing. Does it have a breakdown of what's in it?

Physical Properties of Water

We live on a planet that is dominated by water. More than 70% of the Earth's surface is covered with this simple molecule. Scientists estimate that the hydrosphere contains about 1.36 billion cubic kilometers of this substance mostly in the form of a liquid (water) that occupies topographic depressions on the Earth. The second most common form of the water molecule on our planet is ice. If all our planet's ice melted, sea-level would rise by about 70 meters.

Water is also essential for life. Water is the major constituent of almost all life forms. Most animals and plants contain more than 60% water by volume. Without water life would probably never have developed on our planet.

Water has a very simple atomic structure. This structure consists of two hydrogen atoms bonded to one oxygen atom (Figure 8a-1). The nature of the atomic structure of water causes its molecules to have unique electrochemical properties. The hydrogen side of the water molecule has a slight positive charge (see Figure 8a-1). On the other side of the molecule a negative charge exists. This molecular polarity causes water to be a powerful solvent and is responsible for its strong surface tension (for more information on these two properties see the discussion below).

Figure 8a-1: The atomic structure of a water (or dihydrogen monoxide) molecule consists of two hydrogen (H) atoms joined to one oxygen (O) atom. The unique way in which the hydrogen atoms are attached to the oxygen atom causes one side of the molecule to have a negative charge and the area in the opposite direction to have a positive charge. The resulting polarity of charge causes molecules of water to be attracted to each other forming strong molecular bonds.

When the water molecule makes a physical phase change its molecules arrange themselves in distinctly different patterns (Figure 8a-2). The molecular arrangement taken by ice (the solid form of the water molecule) leads to an increase in volume and a decrease in density. Expansion of the water molecule at freezing allows ice to float on top of liquid water.

Figure 8a-2: The three diagrams above illustrate the distinct arrangement patterns of water molecules as they change their physical state from ice to water to gas. Frozen water molecules arrange themselves in a particular highly organized rigid geometric pattern that causes the mass of water to expand and to decrease in density. The diagram above shows a slice through a mass of ice that is one molecule wide. In the liquid phase, water molecules arrange themselves into small groups of joined particles. The fact that these arrangements are small allows liquid water to move and flow. Water molecules in the form of a gas are highly charged with energy. This high energy state causes the molecules to be always moving reducing the likelihood of bonds between individual molecules from forming.

Water has several other unique physical properties. These properties are:

• Water has a high specific heat. Specific heat is the amount of energy required to change the temperature of a substance. Because water has a high specific heat, it can absorb large amounts of heat energy before it begins to get hot. It also means that water releases heat energy slowly when situations cause it to cool. Water's high specific heat allows for the moderation of the Earth's climate and helps organisms regulate their body temperature more effectively.
• Water in a pure state has a neutral pH. As a result, pure water is neither acidic nor basic. Water changes its pH when substances are dissolved in it. Rain has a naturally acidic pH of about 5.6 because it contains natural derived carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide.
• Water conducts heat more easily than any liquid except mercury. This fact causes large bodies of liquid water like lakes and oceans to have essentially a uniform vertical temperature profile.
• Water molecules exist in liquid form over an important range of temperature from 0 - 100° Celsius. This range allows water molecules to exist as a liquid in most places on our planet.
• Water is a universal solvent. It is able to dissolve a large number of different chemical compounds. This feature also enables water to carry solvent nutrients in runoff, infiltration, groundwater flow, and living organisms.
• Water has a high surface tension (Figures 8a-3 and 8a-4). In other words, water is adhesive and elastic, and tends to aggregate in drops rather than spread out over a surface as a thin film. This phenomenon also causes water to stick to the sides of vertical structures despite gravity's downward pull. Water's high surface tension allows for the formation of water droplets and waves, allows plants to move water (and dissolved nutrients) from their roots to their leaves, and the movement of blood through tiny vessels in the bodies of some animals.

Figure 8a-3: The following illustration shows how water molecules are attracted to each other to create high surface tension. This property can cause water to exist as an extensive thin film over solid surfaces. In the example above, the film is two layers of water molecules thick.

Figure 8a-4: The adhesive bonding property of water molecules allows for the formation of water droplets (Photo © 2004 Edward Tsang).

• Water molecules are the only substance on Earth that exist in all three physical states of matter: solid, liquid, and gas. Incorporated in the changes of state are massive amounts of heat exchange. This feature plays an important role in the redistribution of heat energy in the Earth's atmosphere. In terms of heat being transferred into the atmosphere, approximately 3/4's of this process is accomplished by the evaporation and condensation of water.
• The freezing of water molecules causes their mass to occupy a larger volume. When water freezes it expands rapidly adding about 9% by volume. Fresh water has a maximum density at around 4° Celsius (see Table 8a-1). Water is the only substance on this planet where the maximum density of its mass does not occur when it becomes solidified.

Source: Physical geography.net